Connectivity Scheme
Past experience with various distributed models led to
the selection of the connectivity scheme in the current version of HL-RMS.
Methods used by Johnson and Miller (1997), Johnson (1995),
Zhang (1998), Smith, (1993), Smith and Brilly (1992), as well as
the method used by Koren (Koren et al., 1992; Koren & Barrett, 1995)
in the Nile Forecast Distributed System were examined. Considerable
operational short-term and long-term forecasing experience with the scheme
by Koren (1992) has proven it to be an efficient approach. Therefore, the
initial version of HL-RMS uses the scheme designed by Koren (1992).
It is hoped that the Distributed
Model Intercomparison Project (DMIP) will highlight connectivity schemes
used by other distributed models.
References
Johnson, D. L., 1995, " Hydrologic Model for Use
with Rasterized Data Structures," Thesis submitted in partial
fulfillment of Doctor of Philosophy Degree requirements at Penn State University.
Johnson, D.L. and Miller, A., 1997"A Spatially Distributed
Hydrologic Model Utilizing Raster Data Structures", Computers & Geosciences,
Vol. 23, No. 3, pp 262-272.
Koren, V.I, C. Barrett, J. Schaake, 1992. Nile River Forecast
System Models, Nile Technical Note, NILE0054, In NFS 3.0 Reference Manual,
V. Koren (Ed.), U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD, 14p.
Koren, V., C. B. Barrett, 1995. Satellite Based Distributed
Monitoring, Forecasting, and Simulation (MFS) System for the Nile River,
In Application of Remote Sensing in Hydrology, Kite G. W. (Ed.), Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan, Canada, pp. 187-200.
Smith, M.B., 1993, 'A GIS-Based Distributed Parameter
Hydrologic Model for Urban Areas', Hydrological Processes, Vol., 7, pp.
45-61.
Smith, M.B., and Brilly, M., 1992, 'Automated Grid Element
Ordering for GIS-Based Overland Flow Modeling', Photogrammetric Engineering
and Remote Sensing, Vol. 58, No. 5, May, pp. 579-585.
Zhang, Z., 1998, 'Development of a Spatially Distributed
Model of Arctic Thermal and Hydrologic Processes (MATH), Thesis submitted
in partial fulfillment of Doctor of Philosophy Degree requirements
at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks