1. Which of the following parameters are included in a METAR wind observation (more than one answer):
_____ wind direction _____ wind speed _____ wind squalls _____ wind shifts Answer
2. Peak wind speed is observed:
a. only during daylight hours b. using wind estimation techniques c. at designated stations only d. at all stations Answer
3. Wind direction and wind speed are determined by averaging over a _____ period.
a. 1-minute b. 2-minute c. 5-minute d. 10-minute Answer
4. Wind direction may be considered variable whenever (more than one answer):
_____ during a 2-minute period, the wind speed is 6 kt or less _____ the wind direction changes by 45 degrees _____ during a 2-minute period, the direction varies by 60 degrees or more and the speed is greater than 6 kt Answer
5. Gusts are rapid fluctuations in wind speed during the last _____ minutes with a variation of _____ knots or more between peaks and lulls.
Answer
6. Peak wind data are determined:
a. by estimation b. by visual averaging on an anemometer dial c. from a wind speed recorder d. from 5-second wind speed averages Answer
7. Which three criteria must be satisfied for a wind shift to occur?
_____ a change in wind direction of 45 degrees or more _____ a change in wind direction of 60 degrees or more _____ the change occurs in less than 10 minutes _____ the change occurs in less than 15 minutes _____ wind speeds during the change are at least 6 knots _____ wind speeds during the change are at least 10 knots Answer
8. What is the appropriate unit of measure and resolution for wind reports in METAR?
a. nearest degree and meters/second b. nearest degree and miles per hour c. tens of degrees and knots d. tens of degrees and miles per hour Answer
9. Variable wind direction is reported:
a. in the body of METAR b. in the remarks section of METAR c. only in METAR but not in SPECI d. in metric units Answer
10. Peak wind is reported whenever its value is greater than:
a. 10 knots b. 25 miles an hour c. 25 knots d. 50 knots Answer
11. Wind shifts are reported:
a. in the body of METAR b. in the remarks section of METAR c. only in METAR but not in SPECI d. in metric units Answer
1. Yes wind direction
Yes wind speed
No wind squalls (squall is a present weather element)
Yes wind shifts [5.3]
2. c [5.4]
3. b [5.4.1, 5.4.3, Table 5-2]
4. Yes during a 2 minute period, the wind speed ...
No the wind direction ...
Yes during a 2 minute period, the wind direction ... [5.4.2]
5. 10, 10 [5.4.4]
6. c [5.4.5]
7. Yes a change in wind direction of 45 deg or more
No a change in wind direction of 60 deg or more
No the change occurs in less than 10 minutes
Yes the change occurs in less than 15 minutes
No wind speeds during the change are at least 6 kt
Yes wind speeds during the change are at least 10 kt [5.4.6]
8. c [5.5.1]
9. a [5.5.3]
10. c [5.5.5]
11. b [5.5.6]